DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, serves as the fundamental blueprint for all living organisms. Its primary function in genetics is to store and transmit genetic information. DNA is composed of sequences
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, serves as the fundamental blueprint for all living organisms. Its primary function in genetics is to store and transmit genetic information. DNA is composed of sequences of nucleotides, which are the building blocks that encode the instructions for building proteins, the essential molecules that perform various functions in cells.
In the process of gene expression, DNA is first transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), which then translates into proteins. Each gene within the DNA sequence corresponds to a specific trait or function, influencing everything from physical characteristics to metabolic processes.
Additionally, DNA plays a crucial role in inheritance. During reproduction, genetic information is passed from parents to offspring, ensuring the continuity of traits across generations. This transmission occurs through the replication of DNA, allowing for the accurate copying of genetic material.
Overall, DNA is central to the understanding of heredity, evolution, and the biological diversity of life, making it a key focus in the fields of genetics, molecular biology, and biotechnology.
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